south american plate volcanoes

The volcanoes of South America are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. March 30, 2021. On the western edge of South America, the continental South American plate collides with oceanic Nazca plate. The eastern boundary is a subduction zone, the Lesser Antilles subduction zone, where oceanic crust of the South American Plate is being subducted under the Caribbean Plate. [13] The Andes has three major volcanic gaps the Peruvian flat-slab segment (3 °S–15 °S), the Pampean flat-slab segment (27 °S–33 °S) and the Patagonian Volcanic Gap (46 °S–49 °S). Most of them are along the backbone of the Andes. The volcanoes of South America are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a broad range of volcano-tectonic settings, as it has rift systems and extensional zones, transpressional faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains as well as a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths and different amounts of crustal assimilations. It is situated 82 km northeast of Temuco and 663 km southeast of Santiago, within the borders of Conguillío National Park. Since the Nazca and Juan Fernández Ridge are created by volcanic activity in Pacific hotspots (Easter and Juan Fernández) it can be said that volcanic activity in the Pacific is responsible for the suppression of volcanism in parts of the Andes. ern side of the Nazca Plate is being subducted beneath the South American Plate, giving rise to active volcanoes in the Andes. No injuries or damages have been reported. Plate Boundaries? One of the most active border volcanoes is Volcan Maipo, located just southeast of Santiago, Chile. Most of these volcanoes are in Chile. It is formed as a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The remote location of the volcano has meant that even the most recent eruption in 1993 was not recorded until two years later. In October 1999, Pichincha Volcano erupted in Quito and covered the city with several inches of ash. … This page was last changed on 1 January 2021, at 09:46. The AVZ extends south of the Patagonian Volcanic Gap to Tierra del Fuego archipelago, a distance of well over 600 mi (1,000 km). It is the most active volcano in Peru with an ongoing eruption that started in August 2014 and is continuing. Like the others, the island was formed by the Galápagos hotspot. [20]. [12] Volcanism in the Austral Volcanic Zone is less vigorous than in the Southern Volcanic Zone. The CVZ is characterized by a continental crust that reaches a thickness of approximately 70 km (43 mi). The Austral Volcanic Zone (AVZ) is a volcanic arc in the Andes of southwestern South America. Several active and inactive volcanoes in Antarctica, however, close the ring. About 1.4 inches of the Nazca plate slides smoothly under South America, creating deep pressure that gives rise to volcanoes; another 1.3 inches is locked up at the plate boundary, squeezing South America, and is released every hundred years or so in great earthquakes; and about a third of an inch crumples South America permanently, building the Andes. [23][24], From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Climate and Weather, Kington,J. Subduction forms the volcanic islands of the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc from the Virgin Islands in the north to the islands off the coast of Venezuela in the south. There, a hotspot under the plate caused the islands and their volcanoes to rise up from the sea floor. 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