The velocity required to establish a satellite at an altitude of a few hundred miles above the Earth is about 25,000 feet per second. However, a satellite in an elliptical orbit must travel faster when it is closer to Earth. Thus, in the case of lower orbits, the satellite must possess high velocity. By definition, a geosynchronous satellite orbits the earth in a perfect circle, maintaining the same distance above the surface of the earth. Escape and Orbital Velocity - Here we have provided a complete overview of the key terms and the relationship found between orbital and escape velocity. The orbital velocity of the satellite depends on mass of the satellite, radius of the orbit around the earth and acceleration due to gravity. 3. The velocity of this orbit depends on the distance from the object to the centre of the Earth. Kindly refer to the link given below for an answer to a similar query : . Here you get a few sets of Orbital Velocity expressions that are derived in this post. => r = R + h. planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) is the speed at which it orbits around either the barycenter or, if one object is much more massive than the other bodies in the system, its speed relative to the center of mass of the most massive body.. The total amount of (net) work done by gravity as a satellite makes a complete orbit is zero. Question 1. The value of g, the escape velocity, and orbital velocity depend only upon the distance from the center of the planet, and not upon the mass of the object being acted upon. The orbital velocity v of a satellite may depend on its mass m , the distane r from the centre of the earth and acceleration due to gravity g . If the point of projection is apogee and in the orbit, the satellite comes closer to the earth with its perigee point lying at 180o. The orbital speed can be found using v = SQRT(G*Me/R). A high-altitude satellite will require a greater orbital speed than a low-altitude satellite. For example, a satellite which is placed in an orbit at altitude of 200 kilometers will need an orbital velocity of approximately 29,000 kilometer per hour. Answer. So far, we have learned to describe where satellites are in orbit by it position, and velocity, vectors. The orbital velocity of the satellite depends on its altitude above Earth. Orbital velocity of an artificial satellite does not depend upon (1) Mass of the earth (2) Mass of the satellite . However, a satellite in an elliptical orbit must travel faster when it is closer to Earth. It can be shown that a more general expression for the velocity of an orbiting satellite is = − a 1 r 2 v GmE where the mass of the satellite is negligible relative to the mass of Earth. When the radius of orbit is 4 times that of earth's radius asked Apr 10, 2019 in Physics by ManishaBharti ( 65.0k points) We know that the path of satellite revolving around the earth is known as orbit. The value of 'g' depends on many factors like shape of earth, rotation of earth etc. At the distance of the Moon it is only about 3,300 feet per second. The value of g, the escape velocity, and orbital velocity depend only upon the distance from the center of the planet, and not upon the mass of the object being acted upon. Orbital velocity depends upon height of satellite It is given by v= square root of (ghR) where h is the height of satellite and R is the radius of earth Critical velocity is a constant value and its value on earth is 7.9km/s It does not depends upon altitude It gives the velocity of smallest possible orbit given that there is no air friction . This path can be represented with mathematical notations. Yes, the speed of a satellite does depend on the mass of the Earth. (ii) Mercury has the highest orbital velocity in our solar system. So it is seen that orbital velocity is not dependent on the mass of the satellite. Obtain an expression for its orbital velocity . The orbital velocity of the satellite depends on its altitude above the Earth. Due to the inertia of the moving body, the body has a tendency to move on in a straight line. The nearer to Earth, the faster the required orbital velocity. 2. There are many special cases and simplifications. Gravitational potential energy U due to position of the satellite is given by. Orbital velocity of earth's satellite near the surface is 7 kms^-1. From them obtain the formula for orbiting velocity. Expression. It accomplishes 2) Satellite A is orbiting earth at an altitude of 500 km and satellite B is orbiting 800 km above the surface. We have recently discussed that the orbital position of the satellite is maintained due to the balancing between the centripetal force of the satellite and the gravitational attraction of the earth. The objects that travel around the Earth in uniform circular motion are said to be in an orbit. Geostationary orbit: Satellite stays in a fixed position all the time while earth rotates.
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